{"id":3034,"date":"2025-09-26T15:20:32","date_gmt":"2025-09-26T15:20:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/skygyan.tech\/?p=3034"},"modified":"2025-09-26T15:20:33","modified_gmt":"2025-09-26T15:20:33","slug":"linear-integrated-circuit-experiment-no3-study-of-integrator-using-operational-amplifier","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skygyan.tech\/index.php\/2025\/09\/26\/linear-integrated-circuit-experiment-no3-study-of-integrator-using-operational-amplifier\/","title":{"rendered":"Linear Integrated Circuit: Experiment No:3 Study of Integrator using Operational Amplifier."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Object<\/strong>: Study of  Integrator using Operational Amplifier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Apparatus Required:<\/strong> Bread Board, 741 IC, \u00b112V supply, Resistors, Capacitor and connecting leads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Theory: It is a circuit designed with Op-Amp in such a way that it performs the mathametical Integration operation, its output is proportional to the amplitude and time duration of the input applied. The integrator circuit layout is same as a inverting amplifier but the feedback resistor is replaced by a capacitor which make the circuit frequency dependent. In this case the circuit is derived by the time duration of input applied which results in the charging and discharging of the capacitor. Initially when the voltage is applied to integrator the uncharged capacitor allows maximum current to pass through it and no current flows through the Op-Amp due to the presence of virtual ground, the capacitor starts to charge at the rate of RC time constant and its impedence starts to increase with time and a potential diffrence is develops accross the capacitor resulting in charging current to decrease.This results in the ratio of capacitor&#8217;s impedance and input resistance increasing causing a linearly increasing ramp output voltage that continues to increase until the capacitor becomes fully charged.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Output Voltage: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"336\" height=\"96\" src=\"https:\/\/skygyan.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1111.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3036\" srcset=\"https:\/\/skygyan.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1111.jpg 336w, https:\/\/skygyan.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1111-300x86.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 336px) 100vw, 336px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ciruit Diagram: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"520\" height=\"228\" src=\"https:\/\/skygyan.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/111.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3037\" srcset=\"https:\/\/skygyan.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/111.jpg 520w, https:\/\/skygyan.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/111-300x132.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Values of Components: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let C = 0.01\u00b5F<br>Then Ri = 15K\u2126<br>Take Rf = 10Ri = 150K\u2126<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Procedure:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Connections are given as per the circuit diagram.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>+ Vcc and &#8211; Vcc supply is given to the power supply terminal of the Op-Amp IC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>By adjusting the amplitude and frequency knobs of the function generator, appropriate<br>input voltage is applied to the inverting input terminal of the Op-Amp.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The output voltage is obtained in the CRO and the input and output voltage waveforms<br>are plotted in a graph sheet.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Waveform: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"554\" height=\"349\" src=\"https:\/\/skygyan.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ii.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3043\" srcset=\"https:\/\/skygyan.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ii.jpg 554w, https:\/\/skygyan.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ii-300x189.jpg 300w, https:\/\/skygyan.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ii-540x340.jpg 540w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Precautions:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Add Parallel Resistor<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use Offset Null<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use Low-Leakage Capacitor<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check Voltage Limits<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Connect Power First<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Verify Polarity<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Result<\/strong>: The design of the Integrator circuit was done and the input and output waveforms were obtained.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Object: Study of Integrator using Operational Amplifier. Apparatus Required: Bread Board, 741 IC, \u00b112V supply, Resistors, Capacitor and connecting leads. Theory: It is a circuit designed with Op-Amp in such a way that it performs the mathametical Integration operation, its output is proportional to the amplitude and time duration of the input applied. The integrator [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,3],"tags":[1318,1319,1308,1306,1314,1307,1006,1317,1320,1309,1316,1304,1321],"class_list":["post-3034","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-diploma","category-syllabus","tag-activefilter","tag-analogelectronics","tag-breadboard","tag-circuitexperiment","tag-diyelectronics","tag-electricalengineering","tag-electronicslab","tag-integratorcircuit","tag-lowpassfilter","tag-opamp","tag-opampintegrator","tag-operationalamplifier","tag-rccircuit"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Linear Integrated Circuit: Experiment No:3 Study of Integrator using Operational Amplifier. - SkyGyan<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/skygyan.tech\/index.php\/2025\/09\/26\/linear-integrated-circuit-experiment-no3-study-of-integrator-using-operational-amplifier\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Linear Integrated Circuit: Experiment No:3 Study of Integrator using Operational Amplifier. - SkyGyan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Object: Study of Integrator using Operational Amplifier. 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