{"id":3277,"date":"2026-04-04T07:32:05","date_gmt":"2026-04-04T07:32:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/skygyan.tech\/?p=3277"},"modified":"2026-04-04T07:39:19","modified_gmt":"2026-04-04T07:39:19","slug":"experiment-no-4-cro-ki-sahayata-se-signal-ke-mapdando-ka-maapan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skygyan.tech\/index.php\/2026\/04\/04\/experiment-no-4-cro-ki-sahayata-se-signal-ke-mapdando-ka-maapan\/","title":{"rendered":"Experiment No.4: CRO \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0926\u0902\u0921\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f (Objective)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0915\u0948\u0925\u094b\u0921 \u0930\u0947 \u0911\u0938\u0940\u0932\u094b\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b\u092a (CRO) \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0938\u094b\u0907\u0921\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0932<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 (Frequency)<\/strong>, \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0921 (Time Period)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093f\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921 (Amplitude)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Apparatus Required)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • CRO (Cathode Ray Oscilloscope)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u092b\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u091c\u0928\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0930 (Function Generator):<\/strong> \u0938\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0932 \u0907\u0928\u092a\u0941\u091f \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • BNC \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094d\u0938 (Probes):<\/strong> \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n

    \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 (Theory)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    CRO \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. \u090f\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093f\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921 (Amplitude):<\/strong> \u0938\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0947\u0938\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u090a\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0921 (Time Period):<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u093f\u0932 (\u090f\u0915 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0924) \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 (Frequency):<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948: f = 1\/T<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n

      4. \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f (Procedure)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      1. \u0938\u0947\u091f\u0905\u092a:<\/strong> CRO \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u091c\u0928\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u091a\u0948\u0928\u0932-1 (CH1) \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. \u0938\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0932 \u0921\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947:<\/strong> \u092b\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u091c\u0928\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0935\u0947\u0935 \u0938\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 CRO \u0915\u0947 Volts\/Div<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 Time\/Div<\/strong> \u0928\u0949\u092c (Knob) \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0921\u091c\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0947\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092b\u093c \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      3. \u090f\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093f\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928 (Amplitude Measurement):<\/strong>\n
          \n
        • \u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u0932 (\u0916\u0921\u093c\u0940) \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 (Divisions) \u0915\u094b \u0917\u093f\u0928\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0935\u0947\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u090a\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 (Peak-to-Peak) \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930:V_{p-p} = Vertical Divisions*Volts\/Div<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Amplitude (V_m) = {V_{p-p}\/2}<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0921 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928 (Time Period Measurement):<\/strong>\n
            \n
          • \u0939\u0949\u0930\u093f\u091c\u0949\u0928\u094d\u091f\u0932 (\u0906\u0921\u093c\u0940) \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0917\u093f\u0928\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930:T = Horizontal Divisions*Time\/Div <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e (Frequency Calculation):<\/strong>\n
              \n
            • \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0921 \u0938\u0947 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0947\u0902: f = 1\/T<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
              \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
              \n\n\n\n

              5. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e (Observation Table – Sample)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0926\u0902\u0921 (Parameter)<\/strong><\/td>\u0916\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e (Div)<\/strong><\/td>\u0928\u0949\u092c \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 (Knob)<\/strong><\/td>\u0915\u0941\u0932 \u092e\u093e\u0928 (Value)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead>
              \u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c (V_{p-p})<\/strong><\/td>4 div<\/td>2 Volt\/Div<\/td>8 Volts<\/td><\/tr>
              \u090f\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093f\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921 (V_m)<\/strong><\/td>–<\/td>–<\/td>4 Volts<\/td><\/tr>
              \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0921 (T)<\/strong><\/td>5 div<\/td>0.2 ms\/Div<\/td>1 ms <\/td><\/tr>
              \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 ($f$)<\/strong><\/td>–<\/td>–<\/td>1000 Hz (1 kHz)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
              \n\n\n\n

              6. \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e (Calculations)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u092f\u0926\u093f T = 1 ms \u0939\u0948:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              f = 1 \\10^-3 = 1000 Hz = 1 kHz<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n\n\n\n

              7. \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e (Result)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0938\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093f\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921 ________ \u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • \u0938\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0921 ________ ms \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 ________ Hz \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                \n\n\n\n

                8. \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 (Precautions)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • \u0915\u0948\u0932\u093f\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928 (Calibration):<\/strong> \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f Volts\/Div \u0914\u0930 Time\/Div \u0915\u0947 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0949\u092c ‘Cal’ (Clockwise \u0905\u0902\u0924) \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0902, \u0935\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0930\u0940\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0906\u090f\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0909\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917:<\/strong> \u092e\u093e\u092a \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 ‘GND’ \u092c\u091f\u0928 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u092c\u0947\u0938\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0940\u0930\u094b \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0926\u094b\u0937:<\/strong> \u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u092a\u0948\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u090f\u0930\u0930 (Parallax Error) \u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f (Objective) \u0915\u0948\u0925\u094b\u0921 \u0930\u0947 \u0911\u0938\u0940\u0932\u094b\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b\u092a (CRO) \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0938\u094b\u0907\u0921\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 (Frequency), \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0921 (Time Period) \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093f\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921 (Amplitude) \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0964 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Apparatus Required) \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 (Theory) CRO \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 4. \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f (Procedure) 5. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e (Observation […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1681,1680,1011,1684,1662,1682,1686,1683,1675,131,1685],"class_list":["post-3277","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog","tag-amplitude","tag-cro","tag-electronicsengineering","tag-electronicshindi","tag-engineeringpractical","tag-frequencymeasurement","tag-oscilloscope","tag-polytechniclab","tag-scienceexperiment","tag-skygyan","tag-timeperiod"],"yoast_head":"\nExperiment No.4: CRO \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0926\u0902\u0921\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928 - SkyGyan<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/skygyan.tech\/index.php\/2026\/04\/04\/experiment-no-4-cro-ki-sahayata-se-signal-ke-mapdando-ka-maapan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Experiment No.4: CRO \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0926\u0902\u0921\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928 - SkyGyan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f (Objective) \u0915\u0948\u0925\u094b\u0921 \u0930\u0947 \u0911\u0938\u0940\u0932\u094b\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b\u092a (CRO) \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0938\u094b\u0907\u0921\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 (Frequency), \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0921 (Time Period) \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093f\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921 (Amplitude) \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0964 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Apparatus Required) \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 (Theory) CRO \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 4. \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f (Procedure) 5. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e (Observation […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" 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\u0911\u0938\u0940\u0932\u094b\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b\u092a (CRO) \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0938\u094b\u0907\u0921\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 (Frequency), \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0921 (Time Period) \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093f\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921 (Amplitude) \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0964 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Apparatus Required) \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 (Theory) CRO \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u094b 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